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A mobile operating system (or mobile OS) is an operating system for smartphones, tablets, PDAs, or other mobile devices. While computers such as the typical laptop are mobile, the operating systems usually used on them are not considered mobile ones as they were originally designed for bigger stationary desktop computers that historically did not have or need specific "mobile" features. This distinction is getting blurred in some newer operating systems that are hybrids made for both uses. Mobile operating systems combine features of a personal computer operating system with other features useful for mobile or handheld use; usually including, and most of the following considered essential in modern mobile systems; a touchscreen, cellular, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPS mobile navigation, camera, video camera, speech recognition, voice recorder, music player, near field communication and infrared blaster. Mobile devices with mobile communications capabilities (e.g. smartphones) contain two mobile operating systems – the main user-facing software platform is supplemented by a second low-level proprietary real-time operating system which operates the radio and other hardware. Research has shown that these low-level systems may contain a range of security vulnerabilities permitting malicious base stations to gain high levels of control over the mobile device.〔Thom Holwerda, OSNews, 12 November 2013, (The second operating system hiding in every mobile phone )〕 ==Timeline== Mobile operating system milestones mirror the development of mobile phones and smartphones: * 1973–1993 Mobile phones use embedded systems to control operation. * 1995 The first smartphone, the IBM Simon, has a touchscreen, email and PDA features. * 1996 Palm Pilot 1000 personal digital assistant is introduced with the Palm OS mobile operating system. * 1996 First Windows CE Handheld PC devices are introduced. * 1999 Nokia S40 OS is officially introduced along with the Nokia 7110. * 2000 Symbian becomes the first modern mobile OS on a smartphone with the launch of the Ericsson R380. * 2001 The Kyocera 6035 is the first smartphone with Palm OS. * 2002 Microsoft's first Windows CE (Pocket PC) smartphones are introduced. * 2002 BlackBerry releases its first smartphone. * 2005 Nokia introduces Maemo OS on the first internet tablet N770. * 2007 Apple iPhone with iOS is introduced as an iPhone, "mobile phone" and "internet communicator." * 2007 Open Handset Alliance (OHA) formed by Google, HTC, Sony, Dell, Intel, Motorola, Samsung, LG, etc. * 2008 OHA releases Android (based on Linux Kernel) 1.0 with the HTC Dream (T-Mobile G1) as the first Android phone. * 2009 Palm introduces webOS with the Palm Pre. By 2012 webOS devices were no longer sold. * 2009 Samsung announces the Bada OS with the introduction of the Samsung S8500. * 2010 Windows Phone OS phones are released but are not compatible with the previous Windows Mobile OS. * 2010 MIUI are release by Xiaomi Inc which based on Google's Android Open Source Project(AOSP). * 2011 MeeGo the first mobile Linux, combining Maemo and Moblin, is introduced with the Nokia N9, a collaboration of Nokia, Intel and Linux Foundation * 2011 Samsung, Intel and the Linux Foundation announced, in September 2011, that their efforts will shift from Bada, MeeGo to Tizen during 2011 and 2012. * 2011 the Mer project was announced, in October 2011, centered around an ultra-portable Linux + HTML5/QML/JavaScript core for building products with, derived from the MeeGo codebase. * 2012 Mozilla announced in July 2012 that the project previously known as "Boot to Gecko"(which was built on top of Android Linux kernel and using Android drivers, however it doesn't use any Java-like code of Android) was now Firefox OS and had several handset OEMs on board. * 2013 Canonical announced Ubuntu Touch, a version of the Linux distribution expressly designed for smartphones. The OS is built on the Android Linux kernel, using Android drivers, but does not use any of the Java-like code of Android. * 2013 BlackBerry releases their new operating system for smartphones, BlackBerry 10. * 2013 Google releases Android KitKat 4.4. * 2014 Microsoft releases Windows Phone 8.1 in February 2014. * 2014 Xiaomi releases MIUI v6 in August 2014. * 2014 Apple releases iOS 8 in September 2014. * 2014 BlackBerry release BlackBerry 10.3 with integration with the Amazon Appstore in September 2014. * 2014 Google releases Android 5.0 "Lollipop" in November 2014. * 2015 Apple releases iOS 9 in September 2015. * 2015 Google releases Android 6.0 "Marshmallow" in September 2015. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mobile operating system」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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